Any diagnosis of taeniasis or cysticercosis should be accompanied by a ct scan and mri to determine whether or not there are cysticerci in nervous or ocular tissue. The adult worm cestode occurs in the small intestine of humans. Diagnostic tools for taenia solium and taenia saginata. Taenia solium can also cause cysticercosis life cycle. Cestodes taenia saginata and taenia solium quizlet. Goussanou jse, kpodekon mt, youssao aki, farougou s and korsak n 2014 epidemiological tools for effective surveillance of porcine cysticercosis in africa, veterinary world 73. Infection with taenia solium adults is usually asymptomatic. Taenia saginata does not cause cysticercosis in humans. Taenia solium cysticercosispork tapeworm flashcards quizlet.
Infection with taenia solium is a zoonotic parasitic infection of pigs. The adult taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, usually lives as a single worm in the small intestine of humans, its only known definitive host. The restellum resembles the conventional figures of the sun, hence the name solium. The armed scolex may cause some inflammation of the intestinal wall, and rarely may penetrate the intestine, causing peritonitis. Taenia solium taeniasis is less frequently symptomatic than taenia saginata taeniasis. Taeniasis is often asymptomatic, but one consistent diagnostic feature is the passing of proglottids through. The original description of this tapeworm was based. Latin, taenia, ribbon, tape parasitology a genus of large segmented, with each segment or proglottid capable of producing eggs tapewormscestodesthat parasitize mammalian gi tracts epidemiology infestation is linked to consumption of raw porkt solium or beeft saginata.
Read this article to learn learn about the structure and life cycle of taenia. The scolex is roughly quadrate, with a diameter of about 1mm, has four large, deeply cupped suckers and a conspicuous, rounded rostellum, armed with a double row of large and small hooks, numbering 22 to 36 and measuring 140 to 200 um and 100 to. Taenia solium taeniosiscysticercosis one health commission. Jun 29, 2014 taenia solium slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. One is due to eating undercooked pork that contains the. Taenia solium infection is acquired either from human feces that contains taenia solium eggs or from uncooked pork which contains larval cysts. Taenia solium cysticercosis the lessons of history. Humans are the only definitive hosts for these three species. Such animals still may acquire dipylidium caninum the doublepored dog tapeworm by ingesting fleas during grooming. Taenia solium taeniasis is seen in the united states, typically among latin american immigrants. Eating raw or undercooked contaminated pork or beef.
One is due to eating undercooked pork that contains the cysts and results in adult worms in the intestines. Introduction different areas in developing countries. It is a major public health problem because of the high proportion of seizure cases in endemic areas which are caused by nervous system infection with the larval stage neurocysticercosis, ncc garcia and del brutto, 2005. During taeniasis, a cysticercus from uncooked meat develops into an adult tapeworm, which attaches to the intestinal wall in the small intestine via its scolex and remains there to grow. International commission on zoological nomenclature. Mapping occurrence of taenia solium taeniosiscysticercosis. Except the adult, various stages of its life history are passed in the body of secondary host. Taeniasis is the infection of humans with the adult tapeworm of taenia saginata, t.
Cats with access to infected house or outdoor mice and rats also can acquire taenia taeniaeformis. The cestodes tapeworms taenia saginata beef tapeworm and t. The larvae mature in about 2 months to adult worms that can live for several years. Pig herds in these systems consist of less than 10 pigs that are usually unconfined with scavenging supplemented. It is worldwide in distribution the infection is common amongst those eating raw or insufficiently cooked measly pork. Taenia solium slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Feb 01, 2017 direct quote from the cdccdc taeniasis biology. Geographical distribution of taenia asiatica and related. General provisions infection with taenia solium is a zoonotic parasitic infection of pigs.
The zoonotic tapeworm taenia solium causing taeniosis in humans and cysticercosis in both pigs and humans is presumed to be widely distributed across areas of low and middleincome countries where sanitation is insufficient and pigs are kept in extensive production systems. Pdf s and list of publications there are many examples of various reagents etc. Pig natural intermediate host, man accidental intermediate host and very exceptionally the dog definitive host. Cestodes taenia saginata and taenia solium flashcards. Details on the taenia solium life cycle, transmission, and diagnosis can be found in chapter 26. It is the most common parasitic disease of the central nervous system and endemic in our country 1,2. Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, is endemic in most developing countries as well as in developed nations with a high influx of immigrants from endemic areas fig. Taenia solium causes two different diseases taeniasis and cysticercosis.
General recognition features scolex has four suckers with a rostellum that has a double circle of alternating large and small hooks 2236 proglottid is smaller than t saginata and has 7 lateral branches off the central uterus. The main symptom is often the passage passive of proglottids. Rtpcr evaluated for taenia detection taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, and the cause of neurocysticercosis ncc, has significant socioeconomic impacts on communities in developing countries. What are the characteristics of a taenia soliums life. This disease, along with taeniasis is estimated to infect 2. The most important health problem is infection by the cysticerci, cysticercosis. Taenia solium is the pork tapeworm, a tapeworm belonging to the cyclophyllid cestode family taeniidae. Ppt taenia solium taeniasis cysticercosis powerpoint. The scolex is roughly quadrate, with a diameter of about 1mm, has four large, deeply cupped suckers and a conspicuous, rounded rostellum, armed with a double row of large and small hooks, numbering 22 to 36 and measuring 140 to 200 um and 100 to 150 um, respectively, in length.
Taenia echinococcus definition of taenia echinococcus by. Humans are the definitive hosts for taenia solium the pork tapeworm and t. Taeniasis has been reported at lower rates in eastern europe, spain, and portugal. Oncospheres hatch from the eggs and move through the intestinal wall and into the circulatory system. The definitive host human passes eggs and gravid proglottids from the mature tapeworm in its small intestine through feces the intermediate host pig ingests food contaminated with feces, and therefore, the eggs and proglottids. In certain parts of the world eg, india, the middle east, north africa, southeast asia. This zoonotic parasite is believed to be widely endemic across most of latin america. Taenia solium is the pork tapeworm, a tapeworm belonging to the cyclophyllid cestode family. Aug 16, 2003 taenia solium infection and the resulting disease neurocysticercosis are endemic in less developed countries where pigs are raised as a food source. Pdf taenia solium and taenia saginata researchgate. Taenia solium infection and the resulting disease neurocysticercosis are endemic in less developed countries where pigs are raised as a food source. The body is elongated, dorsoventrally flattened and ribbonlike. Infection by taenia solium adults can be prevented by fully cooking pork before eating it. This chapter will discuss only neurocysticercosis associated with eosinophilic meningitis.
One of these antigens is tso31, which is used to differentiate taenia solium and taenia saginata. Dogs as alternative intermediate hosts of taenia solium in papua irian jaya, indonesia confirmed by highly specific elisa and immunoblot using native and recombinant antigens and mitochondrial dna analysis. Taeniasis chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. Taenia solium cysticercosispork tapeworm flashcards. The highest incidence of cryptosporidium was found in both groups with abdominal discomfort. Several studies have been performed to determine specific antigens for the diagnosis of tapeworms. An update of versters 1969 taxonomic revision of the genus taenia linnaeus cestoda in table format. Epidemiological tools for effective surveillance of. Cysticercosis is an infection of both humans and pigs with the larval stages of the parasitic cestode, taenia.
Infected humans definitive host excrete the eggs or gravid proglottids in their feces, passing the parasite from the gastrointestinal tract onto nearby vegetation. Taenia solium belongs to the family taeniidae, which includes three parasites affecting humans. Start studying cestodes taenia saginata and taenia solium. Diagnostic tools for taenia solium leslie js harrison stakeholder meeting on taenia solium taeniasiscysticercosis diagnostic tools, who, geneva, december 2015. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Taeniasis is the infection of humans with the adult tapeworm of taenia saginata or taenia solium. We report a case of 42 year old male who presented with complaints of weakness of bilateral. Cestodes taenia solium north dakota department of health.
It usually causes no symptoms but the host becomes a continuous source of taenia eggs in the feces which may contaminate food. Distribution of taenia solium infection, worldwide. The only known final host for this adult stage is humans, specifically in the small intestine. Pathology outlines taenia solium neurocysticercosis. Proper sanitation and hygiene can prevent the occurrence of eggs in the environment that could lead to cysticercosis. It is also called tapeworm as the shape of the body is like a tape.
Taenia asiatica is limited to asia and is seen mostly in the republic of korea, china, taiwan, indonesia, and thailand. Cysticercosis is an infectious disease that is caused by the larvae of taenia solium. Sciutto e, morales j, martinez jj, toledo a, villalobos mn, cruzrevilla c, et al. The highest prevalences are in latin america, africa, and south and southeast asia. Geographical distribution of taenia asiatica and related species.
Man is the primary or definitive host, the secondary host for t. Taenia solium is the cause of neurocysticercosis, which has several forms including parenchymal, subarachnoid, ventricular, and spinal forms. The structure and life cycle of taenia with diagram. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Feb 11, 2016 cysticercosis is an infectious disease that is caused by the larvae of taenia solium. Any diagnosis of taeniasis or cysticercosis should be accompanied by a ct scan and mri to determine whether or not there are cysticerci in nervous or ocular tissue human back and buttocks exhibiting cysticercosis. General recognition features scolex has four suckers with a rostellum that has a double circle of alternating large and small hooks 2236 proglottid is smaller than t saginata and has.
Typically, adult tapeworm does not produce eggs in stool taeniasis for 8 12 weeks. Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm of man, as adult lives in the intestine of man leading an endoparasitic life. Pdf genetic variation in taenia solium researchgate. Most urban dogs and cats eat prepared foods and have restricted access to natural prey. Pig cow acts as intermediate host and harbour the larval stage. The adults are 35m in length, have a scolex, and several rows of hooks. Taenia saginata beef tapeworm infection infectious. The most important feature of taenia solium taeniasis is the risk of development of cysticercosis. If larvae are ingested, they mature into adults in the small intestine. Taenia species taenia solium name synonyms cysticercus cellulosae gmelin, 1790 homonyms taenia solium linnaeus, 1758 common names schweinebandwurm in german svineb. The pork tapeworm, taenia solium, is the most harmful tapeworm in humans. Taeniasis develops when the adult tapeworm infests the human intestine. It is found throughout the world and is most common in countries where pork is eaten. Taenia solium infection has been recognized since biblical times and the parasite life cycle has been identified by the 1850s.